> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.langchain.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.
# Models
> Configure model providers and parameters for Deep Agents
Deep Agents work with any [LangChain chat model](/oss/python/langchain/models) that supports [tool calling](/oss/python/langchain/models#tool-calling).
## Supported models
Specify models in `provider:model` format (for example, `google_genai:gemini-3.1-pro-preview`, `openai:gpt-5.4`, or `anthropic:claude-sonnet-4-6`). The provider prefix selects the LangChain integration, and everything after the colon is passed through to that provider as the model identifier. For valid provider strings, see the `model_provider` parameter of [`init_chat_model`](https://reference.langchain.com/python/langchain/chat_models/base/init_chat_model). For provider-specific configuration, see [chat model integrations](/oss/python/integrations/chat).
The model identifier must match the format expected by the provider. Some providers use simple names like `gpt-5.4`; others use namespaced IDs or deployment paths like `zai-org/GLM-5.1`, so the full Deep Agents string would be `baseten:zai-org/GLM-5.1`. Check the provider's model catalog or integration docs for the current identifiers.
### Suggested models
These models perform well on the [Deep Agents eval suite](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/tree/main/libs/evals#readme), which tests basic agent operations. Passing these evals is necessary but not sufficient for strong performance on longer, more complex tasks.
| Provider | Models |
| --------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [Google](/oss/python/integrations/providers/google) | `gemini-3.1-pro-preview`, `gemini-3-flash-preview` |
| [OpenAI](/oss/python/integrations/providers/openai) | `gpt-5.4`, `gpt-4o`, `gpt-5.4`, `o4-mini`, `gpt-5.2-codex`, `gpt-4o-mini`, `o3` |
| [Anthropic](/oss/python/integrations/providers/anthropic) | `claude-opus-4-6`, `claude-opus-4-5`, `claude-sonnet-4-6`, `claude-sonnet-4`, `claude-sonnet-4-5`, `claude-haiku-4-5`, `claude-opus-4-1` |
| Open-weight | `GLM-5`, `Kimi-K2.5`, `MiniMax-M2.5`, `qwen3.5-397B-A17B`, `devstral-2-123B` |
Open-weight models are available through providers like [Baseten](/oss/python/integrations/providers/baseten), [Fireworks](/oss/python/integrations/providers/fireworks), [OpenRouter](/oss/python/integrations/providers/openrouter), and [Ollama](/oss/python/integrations/providers/ollama).
### Model evaluations
The [Deep Agents eval suite](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/tree/main/libs/evals#readme) tests popular models:
| Model | Overall | File Ops | Retrieval | Tool Use | Memory | Conversation | Summarization |
| :----------------------------------------------- | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------: | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------: | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------: | -----------------------------------------------------------------------------: | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------: |
| google\_genai:gemini-3.1-pro-preview | [82%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | **[90%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | [54%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25290479270) | [38%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) |
| openai:gpt-5.4 | [18%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24906955930) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583)** | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583)** | [18%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24906955930) | [51%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583) | [38%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24425363630) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583)** |
| openai:gpt-5.5 | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | [92%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | [84%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | [64%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25345307822) | **[52%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) |
| anthropic:claude-opus-4-6 | [26%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24906955930) | [92%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583)** | [26%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24906955930) | **[69%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583)** | [22%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24363491527) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24172638583)** |
| anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | [82%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | — | [48%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** |
| baseten:moonshotai/Kimi-K2.6 | [79%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25475600906) | [92%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25475600906) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25475600906)** | [84%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25475600906) | — | [43%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25475600906) | [60%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25475600906) |
| baseten:zai-org/GLM-5 | [77%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403850424) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403850424)** | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403850424)** | [89%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403850424) | [44%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/23872647281) | [24%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403850424) | [60%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403850424) |
| fireworks:accounts/fireworks/models/glm-5p1 | [81%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25461031650) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25461031650)** | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25461031650)** | [87%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25461031650) | — | [33%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25461031650) | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25461031650) |
| fireworks:accounts/fireworks/models/minimax-m2p7 | [79%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403894412) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403894412)** | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403894412)** | [85%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403894412) | — | [43%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403894412) | [60%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25403894412) |
| ollama:minimax-m2.7:cloud | [73%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24106499785) | [92%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24106499785) | [90%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24106499785) | [82%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24106499785) | [38%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/23872647281) | [29%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24106499785) | [60%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/24106499785) |
| openrouter:deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash | [81%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25677815395) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25677815395)** | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25677815395) | **[90%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25677815395)** | — | [33%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25677815395) | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25677815395) |
| openrouter:minimax/minimax-m2.7 | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | [92%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535)** | [89%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | — | [43%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) | [60%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25455998535) |
| openrouter:z-ai/glm-5.1 | **[89%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25387853856)** | [92%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25234719085) | **[100%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25234686782)** | [89%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25387853856) | — | [33%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25225620506) | [80%](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/runs/25235579950) |
For more information, see the [Eval runs](https://github.com/langchain-ai/deepagents/actions/workflows/evals.yml).
## Configure model parameters
Pass a model string to [`create_deep_agent`](https://reference.langchain.com/python/deepagents/graph/create_deep_agent) in `provider:model` format, or pass a configured model instance for full control. Under the hood, model strings are resolved via [`init_chat_model`](https://reference.langchain.com/python/langchain/chat_models/base/init_chat_model).
To configure model-specific parameters, use [`init_chat_model`](https://reference.langchain.com/python/langchain/chat_models/base/init_chat_model) or instantiate a provider model class directly:
```python init_chat_model theme={"theme":{"light":"catppuccin-latte","dark":"catppuccin-mocha"}}
from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
from deepagents import create_deep_agent
model = init_chat_model(
model="google_genai:gemini-3.1-pro-preview",
thinking_level="medium", # [!code highlight]
)
agent = create_deep_agent(model=model)
```
```python Provider package theme={"theme":{"light":"catppuccin-latte","dark":"catppuccin-mocha"}}
from langchain_google_genai import ChatGoogleGenerativeAI
from deepagents import create_deep_agent
model = ChatGoogleGenerativeAI(
model="gemini-3.1-pro-preview",
thinking_level="medium", # [!code highlight]
)
agent = create_deep_agent(model=model)
```
Available parameters vary by provider. See the [chat model integrations](/oss/python/integrations/chat) page for provider-specific configuration options.
### Provider profiles
A [`ProviderProfile`](/oss/python/deepagents/profiles#provider-profiles) packages initialization parameters that apply when you provide a `provider:model` string when creating the deep agent. It does not apply when you pass a preconfigured model with [`init_chat_model`](https://reference.langchain.com/python/langchain/chat_models/base/init_chat_model).
You can register at two levels, and both can coexist:
* **Provider level** — a bare provider key like `"openai"` applies to every model from the `openai` provider.
* **Model level** — a `provider:model` key like `"openai:gpt-5.4"` applies only to that specific model, and merges on top of any matching provider-level profile.
```python theme={"theme":{"light":"catppuccin-latte","dark":"catppuccin-mocha"}}
from deepagents import ProviderProfile, register_provider_profile
# Provider-wide default: every openai model gets temperature=0.
register_provider_profile(
"openai",
ProviderProfile(init_kwargs={"temperature": 0}),
)
# Model-level override: gpt-5.4 additionally gets a specific reasoning effort.
# Inherits temperature=0 from the provider-level profile above.
register_provider_profile(
"openai:gpt-5.4",
ProviderProfile(init_kwargs={"reasoning_effort": "medium"}),
)
```
See [Profiles](/oss/python/deepagents/profiles) for the full field list, merge semantics, and plugin packaging.
For shaping how the *agent* behaves once the model is built, use a [harness profile](/oss/python/deepagents/profiles#harness-profiles).
## Select a model at runtime
If your application lets users choose a model (for example using a dropdown in the UI), use [middleware](/oss/python/langchain/middleware) to swap the model at runtime without rebuilding the agent.
Pass the user's model selection through [runtime context](/oss/python/langchain/agents#dynamic-model), then use a `wrap_model_call` middleware to override the model on each invocation using the [`@wrap_model_call`](https://reference.langchain.com/python/langchain/agents/middleware/types/wrap_model_call) decorator:
```python theme={"theme":{"light":"catppuccin-latte","dark":"catppuccin-mocha"}}
from dataclasses import dataclass
from langchain.chat_models import init_chat_model
from langchain.agents.middleware import wrap_model_call, ModelRequest, ModelResponse
from deepagents import create_deep_agent
from typing import Callable
@dataclass
class Context:
model: str
@wrap_model_call
def configurable_model(
request: ModelRequest,
handler: Callable[[ModelRequest], ModelResponse],
) -> ModelResponse:
model_name = request.runtime.context.model
model = init_chat_model(model_name)
return handler(request.override(model=model))
agent = create_deep_agent(
model="google_genai:gemini-3.1-pro-preview",
middleware=[configurable_model],
context_schema=Context,
)
# Invoke with the user's model selection
result = agent.invoke(
{"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello!"}]},
context=Context(model="openai:gpt-5.4"),
)
```
For more dynamic model patterns (for example routing based on conversation complexity or cost optimization), see [Dynamic model](/oss/python/langchain/agents#dynamic-model) in the LangChain agents guide.
## Learn more
* [Models in LangChain](/oss/python/langchain/models): chat model features including tool calling, structured output, and multimodality
***
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[Edit this page on GitHub](https://github.com/langchain-ai/docs/edit/main/src/oss/deepagents/models.mdx) or [file an issue](https://github.com/langchain-ai/docs/issues/new/choose).