The term “control plane” is used broadly to refer to the control plane UI where users create and update LangGraph Servers (deployments) and the control plane APIs that support the UI experience. When a user makes an update through the control plane UI, the update is stored in the control plane state. The LangGraph Data Plane “listener” application polls for these updates by calling the control plane APIs.

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Control Plane UI

From the control plane UI, you can:
  • View a list of outstanding deployments.
  • View details of an individual deployment.
  • Create a new deployment.
  • Update a deployment.
  • Update environment variables for a deployment.
  • View build and server logs of a deployment.
  • View deployment metrics such as CPU and memory usage.
  • Delete a deployment.
The Control Plane UI is embedded in LangSmith.

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Control Plane API

This section describes the data model of the control plane API. The API is used to create, update, and delete deployments. See the control plane API reference for more details.

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Deployment

A deployment is an instance of a LangGraph Server. A single deployment can have many revisions.

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Revision

A revision is an iteration of a deployment. When a new deployment is created, an initial revision is automatically created. To deploy code changes or update secrets for a deployment, a new revision must be created.

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Control Plane Features

This section describes various features of the control plane.

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Deployment Types

For simplicity, the control plane offers two deployment types with different resource allocations: Development and Production.
Deployment TypeCPU/MemoryScalingDatabase
Development1 CPU, 1 GB RAMUp to 1 replica10 GB disk, no backups
Production2 CPU, 2 GB RAMUp to 10 replicasAutoscaling disk, automatic backups, highly available (multi-zone configuration)
CPU and memory resources are per replica.
Immutable Deployment Type Once a deployment is created, the deployment type cannot be changed.
Self-Hosted Deployment Resources for Self-Hosted Data Plane and Self-Hosted Control Plane deployments can be fully customized. Deployment types are only applicable for Cloud SaaS deployments.

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Production

Production type deployments are suitable for “production” workloads. For example, select Production for customer-facing applications in the critical path. Resources for Production type deployments can be manually increased on a case-by-case basis depending on use case and capacity constraints. Contact support@langchain.dev to request an increase in resources.

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Development

Development type deployments are suitable development and testing. For example, select Development for internal testing environments. Development type deployments are not suitable for “production” workloads.
Preemptible Compute Infrastructure Development type deployments (API server, queue server, and database) are provisioned on preemptible compute infrastructure. This means the compute infrastructure may be terminated at any time without notice. This may result in intermittent…
  • Redis connection timeouts/errors
  • Postgres connection timeouts/errors
  • Failed or retrying background runs
This behavior is expected. Preemptible compute infrastructure significantly reduces the cost to provision a Development type deployment. By design, LangGraph Server is fault-tolerant. The implementation will automatically attempt to recover from Redis/Postgres connection errors and retry failed background runs.Production type deployments are provisioned on durable compute infrastructure, not preemptible compute infrastructure.
Database disk size for Development type deployments can be manually increased on a case-by-case basis depending on use case and capacity constraints. For most use cases, TTLs should be configured to manage disk usage. Contact support@langchain.dev to request an increase in resources.

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Database Provisioning

The control plane and LangGraph Data Plane “listener” application coordinate to automatically create a Postgres database for each deployment. The database serves as the persistence layer for the deployment. When implementing a LangGraph application, a checkpointer does not need to be configured by the developer. Instead, a checkpointer is automatically configured for the graph. Any checkpointer configured for a graph will be replaced by the one that is automatically configured. There is no direct access to the database. All access to the database occurs through the LangGraph Server. The database is never deleted until the deployment itself is deleted.
A custom Postgres instance can be configured for Self-Hosted Data Plane and Self-Hosted Control Plane deployments.

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Asynchronous Deployment

Infrastructure for deployments and revisions are provisioned and deployed asynchronously. They are not deployed immediately after submission. Currently, deployment can take up to several minutes.
  • When a new deployment is created, a new database is created for the deployment. Database creation is a one-time step. This step contributes to a longer deployment time for the initial revision of the deployment.
  • When a subsequent revision is created for a deployment, there is no database creation step. The deployment time for a subsequent revision is significantly faster compared to the deployment time of the initial revision.
  • The deployment process for each revision contains a build step, which can take up to a few minutes.
The control plane and LangGraph Data Plane “listener” application coordinate to achieve asynchronous deployments.

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Monitoring

After a deployment is ready, the control plane monitors the deployment and records various metrics, such as: These metrics are displayed as charts in the Control Plane UI.

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LangSmith Integration

A LangSmith tracing project is automatically created for each deployment. The tracing project has the same name as the deployment. When creating a deployment, the LANGCHAIN_TRACING and LANGSMITH_API_KEY/LANGCHAIN_API_KEY environment variables do not need to be specified; they are set automatically by the control plane. When a deployment is deleted, the traces and the tracing project are not deleted.