Usage
To add long-term memory to an agent, create a store and pass it tocreate_agent:
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
import { createAgent } from "langchain";
import { InMemoryStore } from "@langchain/langgraph";
// InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production use.
const store = new InMemoryStore();
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools: [],
store,
});
npm install @langchain/langgraph-checkpoint-postgres
import { createAgent } from "langchain";
import { PostgresStore } from "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint-postgres/store";
const DB_URI =
process.env.POSTGRES_URI ??
"postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable";
const store = PostgresStore.fromConnString(DB_URI);
await store.setup();
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools: [],
store,
});
runtime.store parameter. See Read long-term memory in tools and Write long-term memory from tools for examples.
For a deeper dive into memory types (semantic, episodic, procedural) and strategies for writing memories, see the Memory conceptual guide.
Memory storage
LangGraph stores long-term memories as JSON documents in a store. Each memory is organized under a customnamespace (similar to a folder) and a distinct key (like a file name). Namespaces often include user or org IDs or other labels that makes it easier to organize information.
This structure enables hierarchical organization of memories. Cross-namespace searching is then supported through content filters.
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
import { InMemoryStore } from "@langchain/langgraph";
const embed = (texts: string[]): number[][] => {
// Replace with an actual embedding function or LangChain embeddings object
return texts.map(() => [1.0, 2.0]);
};
// InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production use.
const store = new InMemoryStore({ index: { embed, dims: 2 } });
const userId = "my-user";
const applicationContext = "chitchat";
const namespace = [userId, applicationContext];
await store.put(namespace, "a-memory", {
rules: [
"User likes short, direct language",
"User only speaks English & TypeScript",
],
"my-key": "my-value",
});
// get the "memory" by ID
const item = await store.get(namespace, "a-memory");
// search for "memories" within this namespace, filtering on content equivalence, sorted by vector similarity
const items = await store.search(namespace, {
filter: { "my-key": "my-value" },
query: "language preferences",
});
import { PostgresStore } from "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint-postgres/store";
const embed = (texts: string[]): number[][] => {
return texts.map(() => [1.0, 2.0]);
};
const DB_URI =
process.env.POSTGRES_URI ??
"postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable";
const store = PostgresStore.fromConnString(DB_URI, {
index: { embed, dims: 2 },
});
await store.setup();
const userId = "my-user";
const applicationContext = "chitchat";
const namespace = [userId, applicationContext];
await store.put(namespace, "a-memory", {
rules: [
"User likes short, direct language",
"User only speaks English & TypeScript",
],
"my-key": "my-value",
});
const item = await store.get(namespace, "a-memory");
const items = await store.search(namespace, {
filter: { "my-key": "my-value" },
query: "language preferences",
});
Read long-term memory in tools
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
import * as z from "zod";
import { createAgent, tool, type ToolRuntime } from "langchain";
import { InMemoryStore } from "@langchain/langgraph";
// InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production.
const store = new InMemoryStore();
const contextSchema = z.object({
userId: z.string(),
});
// Write sample data to the store using the put method
await store.put(
["users"], // Namespace to group related data together (users namespace for user data)
"user_123", // Key within the namespace (user ID as key)
{
name: "John Smith",
language: "English",
}, // Data to store for the given user
);
const getUserInfo = tool(
// Look up user info.
async (_, runtime: ToolRuntime<unknown, z.infer<typeof contextSchema>>) => {
// Access the store - same as that provided to `createAgent`
const userId = runtime.context.userId;
if (!userId) {
throw new Error("userId is required");
}
// Retrieve data from store - returns StoreValue object with value and metadata
const userInfo = await runtime.store.get(["users"], userId);
return userInfo?.value ? JSON.stringify(userInfo.value) : "Unknown user";
},
{
name: "getUserInfo",
description: "Look up user info by userId from the store.",
schema: z.object({}),
},
);
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools: [getUserInfo],
contextSchema,
// Pass store to agent - enables agent to access store when running tools
store,
});
// Run the agent
const result = await agent.invoke(
{ messages: [{ role: "user", content: "look up user information" }] },
{ context: { userId: "user_123" } },
);
console.log(result.messages.at(-1)?.content);
/**
* Outputs:
* User Information:
* - **Name:** John Smith
* - **Language:** English
*/
import * as z from "zod";
import { createAgent, tool, type ToolRuntime } from "langchain";
import { PostgresStore } from "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint-postgres/store";
const DB_URI =
process.env.POSTGRES_URI ??
"postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable";
const store = PostgresStore.fromConnString(DB_URI);
await store.setup();
const contextSchema = z.object({ userId: z.string() });
await store.put(["users"], "user_123", {
name: "John Smith",
language: "English",
});
const getUserInfo = tool(
async (_, runtime: ToolRuntime<unknown, z.infer<typeof contextSchema>>) => {
const userId = runtime.context.userId;
if (!userId) throw new Error("userId is required");
const userInfo = await runtime.store.get(["users"], userId);
return userInfo?.value ? JSON.stringify(userInfo.value) : "Unknown user";
},
{
name: "getUserInfo",
description: "Look up user info by userId from the store.",
schema: z.object({}),
},
);
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools: [getUserInfo],
contextSchema,
store,
});
await agent.invoke(
{ messages: [{ role: "user", content: "look up user information" }] },
{ context: { userId: "user_123" } },
);
Write long-term memory from tools
- InMemoryStore
- PostgreSQL
import * as z from "zod";
import { tool, createAgent, type ToolRuntime } from "langchain";
import { InMemoryStore } from "@langchain/langgraph";
// InMemoryStore saves data to an in-memory dictionary. Use a DB-backed store in production.
const store = new InMemoryStore();
const contextSchema = z.object({
userId: z.string(),
});
// Schema defines the structure of user information for the LLM
const UserInfo = z.object({
name: z.string(),
});
// Tool that allows agent to update user information (useful for chat applications)
const saveUserInfo = tool(
async (
userInfo: z.infer<typeof UserInfo>,
runtime: ToolRuntime<unknown, z.infer<typeof contextSchema>>,
) => {
const userId = runtime.context.userId;
if (!userId) {
throw new Error("userId is required");
}
// Store data in the store (namespace, key, data)
await runtime.store.put(["users"], userId, userInfo);
return "Successfully saved user info.";
},
{
name: "save_user_info",
description: "Save user info",
schema: UserInfo,
},
);
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools: [saveUserInfo],
contextSchema,
store,
});
// Run the agent
await agent.invoke(
{ messages: [{ role: "user", content: "My name is John Smith" }] },
// userId passed in context to identify whose information is being updated
{ context: { userId: "user_123" } },
);
// You can access the store directly to get the value
const result = await store.get(["users"], "user_123");
console.log(result?.value); // Output: { name: "John Smith" }
import * as z from "zod";
import { tool, createAgent, type ToolRuntime } from "langchain";
import { PostgresStore } from "@langchain/langgraph-checkpoint-postgres/store";
const DB_URI =
process.env.POSTGRES_URI ??
"postgresql://postgres:postgres@localhost:5442/postgres?sslmode=disable";
const store = PostgresStore.fromConnString(DB_URI);
await store.setup();
const contextSchema = z.object({ userId: z.string() });
const UserInfo = z.object({ name: z.string() });
const saveUserInfo = tool(
async (
userInfo: z.infer<typeof UserInfo>,
runtime: ToolRuntime<unknown, z.infer<typeof contextSchema>>,
) => {
const userId = runtime.context.userId;
if (!userId) throw new Error("userId is required");
await runtime.store.put(["users"], userId, userInfo);
return "Successfully saved user info.";
},
{ name: "save_user_info", description: "Save user info", schema: UserInfo },
);
const agent = createAgent({
model: "claude-sonnet-4-6",
tools: [saveUserInfo],
contextSchema,
store,
});
await agent.invoke(
{ messages: [{ role: "user", content: "My name is John Smith" }] },
{ context: { userId: "user_123" } },
);
const result = await store.get(["users"], "user_123");
console.log(result?.value);
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